Mustafa Biomy and Eslam M. Ibrahim
Tamer Alsaied Alnaimy , Tamer Rushdy Elalfy and Mohammed A.Elkilany
Ahmed Mahmoud Hussein1 M.D.; Ahmed Abd Alaziz Mohammad1 M.D.; Ahmed Mohammed Ahmed Nasser2 M.Sc.
Sherif Essam Eldin Tawfik, MD; Abdelrahman Mohamed Salem, MD
Abdelrahman Mohammed, MD, Ahmed Kamal Gabr, MD, Sherif Essam Eldin Tawfik, MD
Ashraf Elsebaie MD, Ahmed Abdelsalam Hafiz MD, Ahmed Maher MD, Rasha Abdelkader MD
Ahmed M.S.M Marzouk, Haitham S. Omar
Hany F. Habashy
Maged Rihan, MD, MRCS
Karim Sabry (MD, MRCS) , Wael A Jumuah (MD) ,Yasser El Ghamrini (MD)
Ahmed Shoka, MD, MRCS, Fady Makram, MD, FACS, Mohamed Matar, MD, FACS.
Mohammed Matar,1 MD, FACS, Ahmed Shoka,1 MD, MRCS, Heba Nader,2 MD
Mokhtar Abd Elrahman Bahbah, MD; Ehab M Oraby, MD.
Youssif Khachaba, Waleed Reda, Ahmed Abd El Salam, Ahmed Samy Saad Hussein, Nadeen Mohamed El Essawy, Ashraf El Sebaie
Naguib Abdelkreem ElAskary MD, Ahmed Osmane MD
Mahmoud Hamda MS, Naguib Abdelkreem ElAskary MD, Ahmed Osmane MD
Ahmed M.S.M. Marzouk
1Waleed AlBadry, MSc, MRCS;1Raafat Gohar, MD; 1Ashraf El-Sebaie; 2Mohamed Salah, MD;1Mohamed Ashraf El Meleigy, MD
Modalities of Pre-Operative Marking Techniques for Breast Reduction & Mastopexy
It has long been recognized that overly large
breasts can be a significant burden for women.
Treatment was delayed until the advent of
anesthesia. Initially, amputation techniques were
used because they were relatively simple and
straightforward. Surgeons began to understand
that resection of parenchyma and skin should be
designed to preserve nipple and areolar
circulation. Numerous techniques were described
over the years to reduce bulk, preserve the nipple
and achieve an aesthetically desirable effect.
Preservation of sensation and breast feeding
potential were secondary. No perfect design was
achieved, but plastic surgeons persisted in trying
to improve the cosmetic results while maintaining
some of the successes achieved in the past with
combining resection with preservation of nipple
viability. Surgeons attempted to reduce scars
while achieving a good shape and today the
controversy persists as to which procedure or
technique is superior. As with many other
decisions in plastic surgery, the answer comes
down to surgeon experience and comfort along
with individual patient indications and desires [1]
.
A thorough understanding of breast
development and anatomy is a requirement for
modern plastic surgeons. Advanced techniques of
reduction mammoplasty, mastopexy,
augmentation, and reconstruction demand
comprehensive knowledge of the new detailed
descriptions of breast architecture [2]
.